生成urlscheme的时候可以把参数放在query

const cloud = require('wx-server-sdk')
cloud.init({
  env: cloud.DYNAMIC_CURRENT_ENV,
})
exports.main = async (event, context) => {
  try {
    const result = await cloud.openapi.urlscheme.generate({
        jumpWxa: {
          path: '/pages/publishHomework/publishHomework',
          query: ''
        },
        isExpire: true,
        expireTime: 1606737600
      })
    return result
  } catch (err) {
    return err
  }
}

文档地址：https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/dev/api-backend/open-api/url-scheme/urlscheme.generate.html#method-cloud